What are the three types of court-martial?

The three types of court-martial within the military justice system are Summary, General, and Special. Each type serves a distinct purpose and addresses different levels of offenses.

A Summary Court-Martial is the least formal type and is designed to handle minor offenses with a streamlined process. It usually involves a single officer who serves as the judge and jury, and it is intended to provide a quick resolution for less serious violations of military law.

A General Court-Martial is the most serious type of court-martial and is typically used for major offenses that can result in severe penalties, including incarceration and dishonorable discharge. It includes a panel of officers or a judge, and the rights of the accused are more rigorously safeguarded in this format, including the opportunity for legal representation.

A Special Court-Martial falls between the Summary and General types, dealing with more serious offenses than those suitable for a Summary Court-Martial but not as severe as those addressed by a General Court-Martial. It also allows for a combination of officers and enlisted personnel to serve on the panel, which provides a level of flexibility in addressing different types of misconduct.

Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the military justice system's approach to discipline and accountability for service members, accommodating a spectrum of